Picking the right sensors and actuators determines how well your robot perceives and moves.
Sensors
- Ultrasonic: simple distance sensing, cheap.
- Infrared: line detection and proximity.
- IMU: orientation and acceleration.
- Encoders: wheel/shaft position and speed.
Actuators
- DC motors + motor drivers (L298N, TB6612FNG)
- Servos for precise position control
- Stepper motors for accurate steps and torque
Integration checklist
- Define performance requirements (speed, torque, range).
- Match voltage and current with your power budget.
- Debounce and filter sensor signals.
- Calibrate often, log data, and iterate.